NORMAL PHYSIOLOGICAL VALUES OF HORSES

Physiology	Units	Approximate values
Heart Rate	Beats per min	32 - 44
Resting Respiratory Rate	Breaths per min	10 - 14
Urine Specific Gravity	Grams per milli-litre	1.025 - 1.060
Cardiac Output (Rest)	Litres/Min	30
Cardiac Output (Max Excerise)	Litres/Min	220
Maximum Urine Osmolarity	mosmol/litre	2000
Urine/Plasma Conc Ratio	n/a	7
	Mare
Rectal Temperature	Fahrenheit	100
Rectal Temperature	Centigrade	37.5 - 38.5
	Stallion
Rectal Temperature	Fahrenheit	99.5 - 101.3
Rectal Temperature	Centigrade	37.5 - 38.5